The number of reflective surfaces inside the resonator must be minimized to reduce the round-trip losses and the cavity mode must be stable while exhibiting at least one very small beam-waist. However, since the mode properties of these resonators solely depend on their geometries, specific optical designs must be supplied to fulfill the requirements of these applications. Taking the ratio of the given values, Z 11 is 2.Fabry–Perot cavities are nowadays used to stack high average- and peak-power pulsed laser-beams in various applications: quasi-monochromatic X/ γ ray beam production, ,, high harmonic generation, polarized positron production, nuclear waste management, γ – γ collisions. If A=2.8 and B=1.4 for a 2 port network then Z₁₁=?Ĭlarification: Z 11 parameter of a two port network is the ratio of the A parameter of the network to the B parameter of the network. Taking the ratio of the given values, admittance Y 11 is 0.5714.ġ0. If D=1.6 and B=2.8 for a 2 port network, then Y₁₁=?Ĭlarification: The admittance Y 11 of the network is defined as the ratio of B parameter to the D parameter of the network. Taking the reciprocal of the given value, the B parameter of the network is 2.5.ĩ. For a 2 port network, if the admittance parameter Y₁₂=0.4, then B among the ABCD, parameters for the 2 port network is:Ĭlarification: For a two port network, B parameter is defined as the reciprocal of the admittance Y 12. Substituting in this equation,’ A’ parameter of the network is 1.25.Ĩ. For a 2 port network if Z₁₁=1.5 and Z₁₂=1.2, A parameter for the same 2 port network is:Ĭlarification: A parameter for the two port network is the ratio of the impedance Z 11 and the impedance Z 12. By doing so, the C parameter of transmission line is j Yₒ Sin βl.ħ. But setting each electrical parameter to zero, this constant is found. C parameter for a transmission line of characteristic impedance Zₒ, phase constant β and length ‘l’ is:Ĭlarification: If a transmission line is represented as two port network, constants can be derived in terms of the A, B, C, D constants for the network. For an admittance Y, the constants are A=1, Z=B, C=0, D=1.Ħ. For a simple admittance Y, the ABCD parameters are:Ĭlarification: If simple admittance or an equivalent admittance of a network is represented as a ABCD matrix, writing the equations in terms of voltage and current and setting each variable to zero, the four constants are obtained.
For an impedance Z, the constants are A=1, Z=B, C=0, D=1.ĥ. For simple impedance Z, the ABCD parameters are:Ĭlarification: If simple impedance or an equivalent impedance of a network is represented as a ABCD matrix, writing the equations in terms of voltage and current and setting each variable to zero, the four constants are obtained.
Then to obtain the equivalent matrix of the cascade, the product of the ABCD matrices of each stage is taken.Ĥ. Sum of transpose of ABCD matrices representing the individual two portsĬlarification: When two networks are connected in cascade, each of the two networks are represented as a 2×2 square matrix.
Difference of the ABCD matrices representing the individual two portsĭ. Sum of the ABCD matrices representing the individual two portsĬ. Product of ABCD matrices representing the individual two portsī. ABCD matrix of the cascade connection of 2 networks is equal to:Ī. The voltage equation for a 2 port network that can be represented as a matrix is:Ĭlarification: In the equation, V 1 is the voltage measured at port 1 and V 2 is the voltage measured at port 2 and I 2 is the current measured at the second port. In this case it is convenient to use ABCD matrix for network representations.Ģ. But most microwave networks consist of cascade of two or more two port networks. To represent the impedance of a microwave networkĬlarification: The Z, Y, and S parameter representation can be used to characterize a microwave network with an arbitrary number of ports.
When there is two or more port networks in the cascadeĭ. Microwave Engineering Multiple Choice Questions on “Transmission Matrix(ABCD.”.Ī.
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